简介
Excel 的强大之处在于它不仅仅只能打开Excel格式的文档，它还能打开CSV格式、Tab格式、website table 等多钟格式的文档。它具备自动识别行号，字符，格式化数字等功能，例如：如果你在Excel 单元格中输入数字 "123456789012" 会自动转化为"1.23457E+11"。
背景介绍
正因为Excel的强大和易用，大家都喜欢将数据导出为 Excel 备用。这里我会介绍一系列通过Asp.Net导出Excel数据的方法。将导出文件存储到服务器并提供地址给客户端下载，或重定向到文件下载页面：当Response时，数据列以 "\t" 分隔，行以"\n"分隔。好了，现在给大家展示这是怎么做的。
使用代码导出
方案1：导出全部HTML 数据到 Excel
这种方法是将Html中的所有文档内容，包括按钮，表格，图片等所有页面内容导出为 Excel
Response.Clear(); Response.Buffer = true ; Response.AppendHeader( "Content-Disposition" , "attachment;filename=" +DateTime. Now.ToString( "yyyyMMdd" )+ ".xls" ); Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8; Response.ContentType = "" application/ms-excel"; this .EnableViewState = false ; |
这里我们使用了Page的"ContentType" 属性，它默认为"text/Html"，输出到客户端即为Html。如果我们将它改为"ms-excel"，页面将输出Excel格式的内容，客户端就可以下载并存储它了。
页面property 还包括：image/JPEG, text/HTML, image/GIF and vnd.ms-excel/msword. 方案2：从DataGrid导出数据到Excel
尽管上面的方法能帮你导出Excel数据，但它导出了所有的HTML内容，包括按钮、图片等，这并不是我们所需要的。通常，我们仅仅需要导出DataGrid中的数据。
System.Web.UI.Control ctl= this .DataGrid1; //DataGrid1 (you created in the windowForm) HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader( "Content-Disposition" , "attachment;filename=Excel.xls" ); HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset = "UTF-8" ; HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.Default; HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel" ; ctl.Page.EnableViewState = false ; System.IO.StringWriter tw = new System.IO.StringWriter() ; System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw); ctl.RenderControl(hw); HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString()); HttpContext.Current.Response.End(); |
如果你有多个包含DataGrid 并需导出数据的页面，我们可以封装方法：
public void DGToExcel(System.Web.UI.Control ctl) { HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader( "Content-Disposition" , "attachment;filename=Excel.xls" ); HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset = "UTF-8" ; HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8; HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel" ; ctl.Page.EnableViewState = false ; System.IO.StringWriter tw = new System.IO.StringWriter() ; System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter hw = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter (tw); ctl.RenderControl(hw); HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(tw.ToString()); HttpContext.Current.Response.End(); } |
调用方法：DGToExcel(datagrid1);
方案3:自动导出Excel数据
使用此方法，你需要 ，并使用如下代码（部分）导出数据：
private void button1_Click( object sender, EventArgs e) { System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection oleDbConnection1 = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection(); oleDbConnection1.ConnectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=..\..\..\..\Database\demo.mdb" ; System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand oleDbCommand1 = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand(); oleDbCommand1.CommandText = "select * from parts" ; oleDbCommand1.Connection = oleDbConnection1; System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand oleDbCommand2 = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand(); oleDbCommand2.CommandText = "select * from country" ; oleDbCommand2.Connection = oleDbConnection1; Spire.DataExport.Delegates.DataParamsEventHandler( this .cellExport3_GetDataParams); oleDbConnection1.Open(); try { cellExport3.SaveToFile(); } finally { oleDbConnection1.Close(); } } private void cellExport3_GetDataParams ( object sender, Spire.DataExport.EventArgs.DataParamsEventArgs e) { if ((e.Sheet == 0) && (e.Col == 6)) { e.FormatText = (sender as Spire.DataExport.XLS.WorkSheet).ExportCell.DataFormats.Currency; } } |
下载完整示例代码。
执行上面的代码，你将得到：
此方案导出的Excel文件可以直接在Excel 2010 中打开、编辑和修改。虽然一些特定的功能不可用，但它能够被Excel 2010使用。
方案4:从DataSet导出Excel数据
依照上面都的方法，我么能很容易的导出DataSet数据到Excel，我们只需要在页面Response 时将DataSet 表中的数据组装为"ms-excel" 格式的数据，并通过Http发送出去。
注：ds 代表Dataset，用它来填充DataTable，文件名包含后缀，例如：excel2006.xls。
public void CreateExcel(DataSet ds, string FileName) { HttpResponse resp; resp = Page.Response; resp.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding( "UTF-8" ); resp.AppendHeader( "Content-Disposition" , "attachment;filename=" +FileName); string colHeaders= "" , ls_item= "" ; // Define table object and row object, // and at the same time use DataSet initialize value. DataTable dt=ds.Tables[0]; DataRow[] myRow=dt.Select(); //dt.Select("id>10") Data Filer can be used as : dt.Select( "id>10" ) int i=0; int cl=dt.Columns.Count; //Get column titles of each DataTable and divided by "t". Press "enter" after the last column title. for (i=0;i<cl;i++) colheaders+= "dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString()+" t ";" for (i= "0;i<cl;i++)" if (i= "=(cl-1))//(last" += "dt.Columns[i].Caption.ToString()" ls_item+= "row[i].ToString()+" t ";" /> |
方案5:从DataView导出Excel数据
如果你想导出不规则的行和列到Excel，你可以使用一下方法
public void OutputExcel(DataView dv,string str) { //dv presents data which will be exported to Excel, str is the name of title GC.Collect(); Application excel;// = new Application(); int rowIndex=4; int colIndex=1; _Workbook xBk; _Worksheet xSt; excel= new ApplicationClass(); xBk = excel.Workbooks.Add(true); xSt = (_Worksheet)xBk.ActiveSheet; // // Acquire Title // foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns) { colIndex++; excel.Cells[4,colIndex] = col.ColumnName; xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells [4,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;//Set title format as middle } // //Obtain data from table // foreach(DataRowView row in dv) { rowIndex ++; colIndex = 1; foreach(DataColumn col in dv.Table.Columns) { colIndex ++; if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.DateTime")) { excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = (Convert.ToDateTime(row[col.ColumnName].ToString())).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"); xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells [rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter;// Set the style as middle } else if(col.DataType == System.Type.GetType("System.String")) { excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = "'"+row[col.ColumnName].ToString(); xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex],excel.Cells [rowIndex,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlVAlign.xlVAlignCenter; // Set the style as middle } else { excel.Cells[rowIndex,colIndex] = row[col.ColumnName].ToString(); } } } // //load a Aggregate line // int rowSum = rowIndex + 1; int colSum = 2; excel.Cells[rowSum,2] = " Aggregate "; xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).HorizontalAlignment = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter; // //Set color for the selected content // xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select(); xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,colSum],excel.Cells [rowSum,colIndex]).Interior.ColorIndex = 19;//more than 50 types of color for you to choose // //obtain title of the whole excelsheet // excel.Cells[2,2] = str; // //Set title format for the whole excelsheet // xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Bold = true; xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,2]).Font.Size = 22; // //Set fittest width // xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Select(); xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Columns.AutoFit(); // //Set the tile as Cross and Middle // xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).Select(); xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[2,2],excel.Cells[2,colIndex]).HorizontalAlignment = XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenterAcrossSelection; // //Draw borders // xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders.LineStyle = 1; xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,2]).Borders [XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;// Set left line as bold xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,2],excel.Cells[4,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;// Set upper line as bold xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[4,colIndex],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//Set right line as bold xSt.get_Range(excel.Cells[rowSum,2],excel.Cells[rowSum,colIndex]).Borders[XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom].Weight = XlBorderWeight.xlThick;//Set bottom line as bold // //Display effect // excel.Visible=true; //xSt.Export(Server.MapPath(".")+"); xBk.SaveCopyAs(Server.MapPath(".")+""); ds = null; xBk.Close(false, null,null); excel.Quit(); System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xBk); System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(excel); System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(xSt); xBk = null; excel = null; xSt = null; GC.Collect(); string path = Server.MapPath(this.xlfile.Text+".xls"); System.IO.FileInfo file = new System.IO.FileInfo(path); Response.Clear(); Response.Charset="UTF-8"; Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.UTF8; //Add header, give a default file name for "File Download/Store as" Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(file.Name)); //Add header, set file size to enable browser display download progress Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", file.Length.ToString()); //Set the return string is unavailable reading for client, and must be downloaded Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel"; //Send file string to client Response.WriteFile(file.FullName); //Stop execute Response.End(); }
两种 WinForms 导出Excel 数据的解决方案
方案6:
SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection(System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["conn"]); SqlDataAdapter da=new SqlDataAdapter("select * from tb1",conn); DataSet ds=new DataSet(); da.Fill(ds,"table1"); DataTable dt=ds.Tables["table1"]; string downloadurl"].ToString()+DateTime.Today.ToString("yyyyMMdd")+new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond).Next(10000).ToString()+".csv";//Store the path of downloadurl in web.config and the format should be set as "date + 4 random number " FileStream fs=new FileStream(name,FileMode.Create,FileAccess.Write); StreamWriter sw=new StreamWriter(fs,System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8"));("utf-8") sw.WriteLine("Auto number, name, age"); foreach(DataRow dr in dt.Rows) { sw.WriteLine(dr["ID"]+","+dr["vName"]+","+dr["iAge"]); } sw.Close(); Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + Server.UrlEncode(name)); Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";//Set the return string is unavailable reading for client, and must be downloaded Response.WriteFile(name); //Send file string to client Response.End();public void Out2Excel(string sTableName,string url){Excel.Application oExcel=new Excel.Application();Workbooks oBooks;Workbook oBook;Sheets oSheets;Worksheet oSheet;Range oCells;string sFile="",sTemplate="";//System.Data.DataTable dt=TableOut(sTableName).Tables[0];sFile=url+"myExcel.xls";sTemplate=url+"MyTemplate.xls";//oExcel.Visible=false;oExcel.DisplayAlerts=false;//define a new workbookoBooks=oExcel.Workbooks;oBooks.Open(sTemplate,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing.Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing,Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);oBook=oBooks.get_Item(1);oSheets=oBook.Worksheets;oSheet=(Worksheet)oSheets.get_Item(1);//Give the sheet a nameoSheet.Name="Sheet1";oCells=oSheet.Cells;//Call dumpdata process and export to ExcelDumpData(dt,oCells);//StoreoSheet.SaveAs(sFile,Excel.XlFileFormat.xlTemplate,Type.Missing,Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Excel.XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);oBook.Close(false, Type.Missing,Type.Missing);//Exit Excel and free invoking COM resourceoExcel.Quit();GC.Collect();KillProcess("Excel");}private void KillProcess(string processName){System.Diagnostics.Process myproc= new System.Diagnostics.Process();//get all opened progressestry{foreach (Process thisproc in Process.GetProcessesByName(processName)){if(!thisproc.CloseMainWindow()){thisproc.Kill();}}}catch(Exception Exc){throw new Exception("",Exc);}}
方案7:
protected void ExportExcel() { gridbind(); if(ds1==null) return; string saveFileName="";// bool fileSaved=false; SaveFileDialog saveDialog=new SaveFileDialog(); saveDialog.DefaultExt ="xls"; saveDialog.Filter="Excel File|*.xls"; saveDialog.FileName ="Sheet1"; saveDialog.ShowDialog(); saveFileName=saveDialog.FileName; if(saveFileName.IndexOf(":")<0) return; // Cancelled//excelapp.Workbooks.Open (App.path & Progress table.xls) Excel.Application xlApp=new Excel.Application(); object missing=System.Reflection.Missing.Value; if(xlApp==null) { MessageBox.Show("Create Excel object failed, maybe you dont install Excel "); return; } Excel.Workbooks workbooks=xlApp.Workbooks; Excel.Workbook workbook=workbooks.Add(Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet); Excel.Worksheet worksheet=(Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];// Get sheet1 Excel.Range range; string oldCaption=Title_label .Text.Trim (); long totalCount=ds1.Tables[0].Rows.Count; long rowRead=0; float percent=0; worksheet.Cells[1,1]=Title_label .Text.Trim (); //Write text for(int i=0;i 1) { range.Borders[Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical].ColorIndex=Excel.XlColorIndex.xlColorIndexAutomatic; } workbook.Close(missing,missing,missing); xlApp.Quit();} 方案8 (from Cipherlad):
使用DataSet 的GetXml方法，并且使用XSLT将XML转化为标准的Excel格式，你可以使用不同样式模版对应不容版本的Excel，甚至可以用于导出其它文档。
方案9 (from Sergelp):
使用 OOXML 格式的开源库：
这是一个非常便捷的库，它包含多种格式、字体、颜色订制，你也不需要安装Excel软件，你可以在服务端创建Excel，然后实现下载，如下代码所示：
Dim ms As MemoryStream = ArticleDAL.GetStreamFromDataSet()Response.Clear()Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", String.Format("attachment;filename={0}", strFile))Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"ms.WriteTo(Response.OutputStream)Response.End()